Fly ash, coal ash reuse and utilization discussion

Author: admin Date: 2012-11-21 09:03

The ways of fly ash utilization include (approximately in order of decreasing importance):

Concrete production, as a substitute material for Portland cement and sand
Embankments and other structural fills (usually for road construction)
Grout and Flowable fill production
Waste stabilization and solidification
Cement clinkers production - (as a substitute material for clay)
Mine reclamation
Stabilization of soft soils
Road subbase construction
As Aggregate substitute material (e.g. for brick production)
Mineral filler in asphaltic concrete
Agricultural uses: soil amendment, fertilizer, cattle feeders, soil stabilization in stock feed yards, and agricultural stakes
Loose application on rivers to melt ice
Loose application on roads and parking lots for ice contro
Other applications include cosmetics, toothpaste, kitchen counter tops, floor and ceiling tiles, bowling balls, flotation devices, stucco, utensils, tool handles, picture frames, auto bodies and boat hulls, cellular concrete, geopolymers, roofing tiles, roofing granules, decking, fireplace mantles, cinder block, PVC pipe, Structural Insulated Panels, house siding and trim, running tracks, blasting grit, recycled plastic lumber, utility poles and crossarms, railway sleepers, highway sound barriers, marine pilings, doors, window frames, scaffolding, sign posts, crypts, columns, railroad ties, vinyl flooring, paving stones, shower stalls, garage doors, park benches, landscape timbers, planters, pallet blocks, molding, mail boxes, artificial reef, binding agent, paints and undercoatings, metal castings, and filler in wood and plastic products.

Owing to its pozzolanic properties, fly ash is used as a replacement for some of the Portland cement content of concrete. Fly ash properties are unusual among engineering materials. Unlike soils typically used for embankment construction, fly ash has a large uniformity coefficient and it consists of clay-sized particles. Soil stabilization is the permanent physical and chemical alteration of soils to enhance their physical properties.
Fly ash is also used as a component in the production of flowable fill (also called controlled low strength material, or CLSM), which is used as self-leveling, self-compacting backfill material in lieu of compacted earth or granular fill. Asphalt concrete is a composite material consisting of an asphalt binder and mineral aggregate. Both Class F and Class C fly ash can typically be used as a mineral filler to fill the voids and provide contact points between larger aggregate particles in asphalt concrete mixes.
More recently, fly ash has been used as a component in geopolymers, where the reactivity of the fly ash glasses is used to generate a binder comparable to a hydrated Portland cement in appearance and properties, but with possibly reduced CO₂ emissions. There are several techniques for manufacturing construction bricks from fly ash, producing a wide variety of products. Fly ash, in view of its alkalinity and water absorption capacity, may be used in combination with other alkaline materials to transform sewage sludge into organic fertilizer or biofuel.
Related: Fly ash, coal ash grinding mill

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